2016 年第 1 期 第 14 卷

癌相关成纤维细胞促进肿瘤进展的复杂分子机制的探讨

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关键词：癌相关成纤维细胞肿瘤干细胞上皮间质转化细胞外基质血管生成炎症

• 摘要：
• 【摘要】癌相关成纤维细胞(carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, CAFs)是肿瘤微环境中最丰富的细胞成分，具有高度的生物学异质性。近年来许多研究已证实CAFs促进肿瘤进展的作用，但是其具体的作用机制尚未明确。本文就CAFs促肿瘤作用的潜在分子机制进行总结并分类讨论：一方面，CAFs分泌丰富的促肿瘤因子直接向邻近的肿瘤细胞传达促增殖、侵袭和转移的信号；另一方面，CAFs参与并促进肿瘤血管生成、细胞外基质重塑及肿瘤相关炎症等有利于肿瘤进展的外源性程序，从而间接发挥其促肿瘤作用。深入理解CAFs错综复杂的作用机制，有助于发展新的治疗靶点，为恶性肿瘤的根治带来新的契机。
• Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are ones of the most common cells in the tumor microenvironment, have displayed a high degree of biological heterogeneity. For the past decades, accumulating studies have demonstrated the tumor-promoting functions of CAFs, however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This review sorts out and summarizes their complex molecular mechanisms: first, CAFs are proved to be a source of tumor-promoting factors, which could directly convey intrinsic tumor-initiative, proliferative, invasive and metastatic signals to adjacent tumor cells; moreover, CAFs are involved in and facilitate some extrinsic tumor-promoting processes such as ECM remodeling, tumor angiogenesis and tumor-associated inflammation, so as to promote tumor progression indirectly. Investigating the complex molecular mechanisms of CAFs could contribute to the development of new therapeutic targets, which will bring new opportunity to the anti-tumor therapy.